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A Brief Timeline of Cryptocurrency’s Weird and Wild Rise

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A Brief Timeline of Cryptocurrency's Weird and Wild Rise


The world of cryptocurrency can feel a lot like the Wild West. Its origins are as shaky as its rise has been shady.

 

 

The buzz started with Bitcoin: A computerized algorithm generates a digital token of exchange that’s registered on a public database (i.e a blockchain). Supporters thought because it was decentralized—not under governmental control—it had the legs to totally transform global finance.

Of course there were drawbacks. Because it had little real-world use to anchor its value, prices swung drastically. The solution: a digital “coin” that would be registered on the blockchain but backed by actual U.S. dollars. Enter RealCoin. Below, we detail all the developments that have taken place over the years (and, boy, are there a lot of twists and turns).

For a deeper dive into cryptocurrency, read our feature: Tether Is a Trail of Shady Deals and Shattered Promises. Too Bad Cryptocurrency Now Depends on It.

2008
Domain name bitcoin.org is first registered. Two months later, a paper detailing a decentralized “peer-to-peer cash electronic cash system” is published by Satoshi Nakamoto, likely a pseudonym.

2009
The first Bitcoin transaction takes place when “Nakamoto” sends 10 bitcoins to a computer programmer. Early adoptees begin “mining” bitcoins—using their own computers to securely record transactions (aka blockchain technology), with bitcoins as payment.

2010
Bitcoin is hacked for the first time, making promoters and detractors alike face the considerable vulnerability of cryptocurrency. The first actual Bitcoin sale occurs when a user swaps 10,000 coins for two pizzas. Today’s value: More than $100 million.

2014
Tether, a “stablecoin” theoretically tied to the value of the U.S. dollar, is issued. Hackers attack major Bitcoin exchange Mt. Gox, swiping $450 million in bitcoins from owners—forever. Mt. Gox soon goes bankrupt.

2015
Ethereum and Coinbase join the cryptocurrency ranks, while European Bitcoin exchange Bitstamp is closed for several days by a security hack.

2016
The SEC warns that the new cryptocurrency investment tool of Initial Coin Offerings might be a Ponzi scheme in disguise.

2017
Japan allows Bitcoin as a legal payment method. Norwegian online bank Sbanken allows Bitcoin in customer accounts.

2018
Goldman Sachs announces it’s opening a Bitcoin trading desk while also stating it isn’t “sold” on cryptocurrency. Samsung manufactures computer chips specialized for mining cryptocurrencies, while environmentalists estimate that mining-dedicated server farms are sucking more energy than Argentina or Ireland.

2019
Elon Musk begins tweeting his support of Dogecoin, which was founded in 2013 as a jokey extension of an internet meme featuring the Shiba Inu dog breed.

2021
Bitcoin-heavy exchange Coinbase becomes a publicly listed company on the Nasdaq. The total market value of all cryptocurrency surpasses $2.5 trillion, then plummets $1 trillion in a week, sparking new fears of a “crypto bubble.”

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10 Best Porters to Drink Right Now

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A bottle of Deschutes Black Butte Porter




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Best Time-Under-Tension Workout for Total-Body Strength

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Barbell Back Squat


The key to 360-degree muscle: 90-degree eccentric isometrics. It might seem like we’re throwing a lot of geometry at you, but the concept behind time under tension (TUT) is simple, says Joel Seedman, PhD, owner of Advanced Human Performance: “Perform the lowering phase of a movement in a slow, controlled fashion, usually 3 to 5 seconds; pause in the stretched position, typically around 90 degrees; then perform the lifting phase in a powerful yet controlled fashion.” Believe us, a time-under-tension workout can humble even seasoned lifters…Eccentric isometrics are like the pressure cooker of training.

“Rather than mindlessly performing slow-tempo reps, you’re using the increased time under tension as a means to fine-tune your body mechanics and alignment, which requires more mental engagement and focus,” Seedman adds.

If you want to forge functional muscle mass and strength while simultaneously bulletproofing the joints and connective tissue, give this 10-move, full-body eccentric isometrics workout a go.

Directions

Perform the following moves as 90-degree eccentric isometrics following the above protocol. Use heavy weight, but not at the detriment of proper form. Rest 60 to 90 seconds between sets and 2 minutes between circuits. Perform once every 2 to 4 days for optimal results.

Best Time-Under-Tension Workout for Total-Body Strength

Circuit 1

Marius Bugge

A. Barbell Back Squat

Set a squat rack up with heavy weight, then grasp bar and step under it. Squeeze shoulder blades together, then stand to unrack bar and step back with feet shoulder-width apart. Inhale, hinge at hips and slowly bend knees to 90 degrees. Pause, keeping natural arch in low back, then extend through hips to powerfully stand. 3 x 4-6 reps

Athletic man wearing gray T-shirt and maroon shorts renegade row
Marius Bugge

B. Renegade Row

Start in the top position of a pushup with hands shoulder-width apart on moderate-to-heavy dumbbells (shown). Explosively drive right elbow back to row dumbbell toward ribs while balancing on opposite hand and feet. Pause, then slowly lower weight, stopping a few inches above floor. Switch sides after all reps are done. 3 x 5 reps each side

Circuit 2

Athletic man wearing gray T-shirt and maroon shorts doing renegade row Dumbbell Bentover Row in gym
Marius Bugge

A. Dumbbell Bentover Row

Stand with feet hip-width apart, holding two moderate-to-heavy dumbbells in front of thighs, palms facing you. Push hips back and hinge torso forward so it’s nearly parallel to floor, soft bend in knees. Dumbbells should be near shins. Drive elbows back to row weights toward ribs. Pause, then slowly lower down for 3 to 5 seconds. 3 x 4-5 reps

Athletic man wearing gray T-shirt and maroon shorts doing Incline Dumbbell Chest Press with Legs Raised 
Marius Bugge

B. Incline Dumbbell Chest Press with Legs Raised 

Set an adjustable bench to a 30- to 45-degree angle and lie back with dumbbells in either hand. Engage core and lift legs off floor, flexing feet. Press weights overhead, palms in. Slowly lower to 90 degrees, staying tight and compact. Pause, then drive weights up directly over chest. 3 x 4-5 reps

Circuit 3

Athletic man wearing gray T-shirt and maroon shorts doing Dumbbell Bulgarian Squat
Marius Bugge

A. Dumbbell Bulgarian Squat

Stand lunge-length in front of a flat bench, holding heavy dumbbells in each hand by your sides, palms facing in. Rest the ball on top (shoe’s laces) of your right foot behind you on the bench. Slowly lower your body until your front thigh is parallel to the floor. Pause, then drive through your heel to stand. Switch sides after all reps are complete. 2 x 3-4 reps each side

Athletic man wearing gray T-shirt and maroon shorts doing Single-leg Romanian Deadlift
Marius Bugge

B. Single-leg Romanian Deadlift

Stand with feet hip-width apart holding dumbbells or kettlebells. Drive right leg up, foot flexed, knee aligned with hip, making a 90-degree angle. Hinge at hips as you slowly lever your torso toward floor, lowering weights and driving right leg back for counterbalance. Hold, then squeeze glutes to reverse. 2 x 3-4 reps each side

Circuit 4

Athletic man wearing gray T-shirt and maroon shorts doing pullup
Marius Bugge

A. Pullup

Hang from a pullup bar using an overhand grip with legs extended and feet flexed. Engage lats and draw shoulders down your back, then pull yourself up until chin is higher than hands. Pause at the top, then slowly lower. Pause at bottom, then reset before your next rep. 2-3 x 4-5 reps

Athletic man wearing gray T-shirt and maroon shorts doing Kneeling Overhead Barbell Press
Marius Bugge

B. Kneeling Overhead Barbell Press

Hold a bar with moderate-to-heavy load at shoulder level with forearms perpendicular to floor. Kneel at end of bench with feet flexed to grip edge for support. Inhale, engage your core and glutes, then press the bar overhead, pushing your head forward so it passes your face, exhaling at the top.
Slowly lower until elbows are at 90 degrees, then hold to maintain tension. Begin your next rep from here. 2-3 x 4-5 reps

Circuit 5

A. Dumbbell Pushup

Place hands on dumbbells (this provides greater range of motion) at shoulder width and feet wider than shoulder width with just toes touching the ground. Keep head neutral and hips high to increase tension on core, chest and tris and reduce stress on spine. Slowly lower to the floor. Stop
once elbows hit 90 degrees, pause, then push up to start. 1-2 x 6-8 reps

B. Biceps Curl

Stand with feet hip-width apart with moderate-to-heavy dumbbells in each hand hanging by sides. Engage biceps to curl the weights up, keeping upper arms still. Pause at the top, then lower slowly. Don’t let arms drop all the way down to keep greater time under tension on biceps. 1-2 x 6-8 reps


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The Best Jump Ropes for a Killer Cardio Workout

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The Best Jump Ropes for a Killer Cardio Workout




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